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Pump & Treat

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About ITRC
Navigating this Website
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Why Was This Document Developed?
1.2 Audience
1.3 What Is Pump and Treat?
1.4 What Is Pump and Treat Optimization and Why Is It Needed?
1.5 Navigating the Document
1.6 Limitations
2 Life Cycle Optimization Framework For Pump and Treat Systems
2 Life Cycle Optimization Framework For Pump and Treat Systems
2.1 Pump and Treat Remedy Life Cycle
2.2 Performance-Based Pump and Treat Optimization
2.3 Interactive Tool for Assessing Whether Optimization Might Be Beneficial for Your Site
3 Pump and Treat Performance Evaluation
3 Pump and Treat Performance Evaluation
3.1 System Components, System Evaluation Process, and Drivers of Performance Evaluation
3.2 Identifying Data Gaps and Updating the Conceptual Site Model
3.3 Performance Assessment
3.4 Is P&T Still the Best Remedial Option for Cleanup?
4 Process Optimization and Management for Evolving Site Conditions
4 Process Optimization and Management for Evolving Site Conditions
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Recommendations to Address Changes to the Conceptual Site Model
4.3 Optimizing the Existing System
4.4 Enhancements to the Existing P&T System
4.5 Cost Estimating for Recommendations
4.6 Optimization Report
4.7 Implementation Approach
5 Transition and Termination
5 Transition and Termination
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Transition Planning
5.3 Step 1—Identify the Trigger Conditions and Affirm the Need for Pump and Treat Transition
5.4 Step 2—Identify the Transition Approach and Develop the Lines of Evidence for Pump and Treat Transition
5.5 Step 3—Implement the Pump and Treat Transition
5.6 Pump and Treat Termination
6 Integrating Sustainable and Resilient Remediation Into Optimization
6 Integrating Sustainable and Resilent Remediation Into Optimization
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sustainability—Water Considerations
6.3 Sustainability and Green Energy
6.4 Cost-Efficiency in Sustainable Resilient Remediation
6.5 Resiliency to Climate Change
6.6 Well-Network Design / Retrofit Considerations
6.7 Climate Adaptation
7 Regulatory Perspective
7 Regulatory Perspective
7.1 Understanding Federal and State Regulatory Frameworks and Optimization
7.2 Communicating Optimization to Regulators
7.3 Changes to Regulatory Standards
7.4 Optimization and Remedy Change—How to Transition Away from Pump and Treat
7.5 Changes to Controlling Documents
7.6 Site Closeout
7.7 Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities Resources
8 Stakeholder Considerations
8 Stakeholder Considerations
8.1 Stakeholders and Risk Communication
8.2 Stakeholders and Optimization
8.3 Ongoing Stakeholder Engagement
8.4 Initiating or Renewing Stakeholder Engagement
8.5 Explaining the Optimization Process to Stakeholders
8.6 Explaining the Technical Basis of Optimization Decision-Making
8.7 Stakeholders and Sustainable/Resilient Remediation
8.8 Stakeholders as a Force for Optimization
Appendix A. Common Concepts 
Appendix B. Case Studies
Appendix C. Interactive Checklists
Interactive Checklists
Optimization Potential Questionnaire
Detailed Optimization Questionnaire
Appendix D. Existing Optimization Programs
Appendix E. State Survey Summary
References
Glossary
Acronyms
Acknowledgments
Team Contacts
Document Feedback
ITRC & Environmental Justice/Diversity Equity & Inclusion

 

Pump & Treat
HOME

Pump & Treat Optimization Home

This document is intended for regulators, stakeholders, consultants, operators, responsible parties, and owners of contaminated sites where a Pump and Treat (P&T) remedy has been implemented or is planned. This document provides comprehensive guidance and a systemic and adaptive framework for the optimization of these systems. This guidance is intended to be used as an interactive tool, and it may be used in its entirety, or in part. It can be used during any part of the project life cycle, including evaluation, optimization, and transition phases. This guidance will also help users address sustainability and resiliency issues as well as regulatory and stakeholder considerations. It is not intended to supplant any regulatory requirement.

This document contains the following information: 

  • A comprehensive walk-through of the P&T project lifecycle, including evaluation, optimization, and transition phases.
  • Guidance for addressing sustainability and resiliency issues and regulatory and stakeholder considerations.
  • An interactive Checklist and Tool.
  • Additional resources on P&T.
  • Responses to the state survey that drove the direction of this document.

Below is the Optimization Life Cycle Navigation Diagram. This diagram depicts each of the major steps in the remediation process and links the project life cycle to the optimization process. The Optimization Life Cycle is an interactive navigation tool that allows the user to match optimization concepts to the phase of work they need.

Optimization Life Cycle Navigation Diagram 

Optimization Life Cycle Navigation Diagram
Source: E. Madden, ITRC. Used with Permission.

Published by the Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, June 2023

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